 Verfasst am: 25. März 2007 16:30 Titel: Bitte um Korrektur: AGGRESSION |
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| It exist three explanations of aggression. The first one is the Instinct. It is the aggressive by nature. This theory has popular appeal,because it removes the onus of responsibility from people for their imhumanities to each other. The second one is the Drive. Here the frustration causes aggression. The theory widely accepted even through research findings dispute it. Frustration produces all kinds of reactions. The third one is the social cognitive. It oversive experience and produce distress. It causing emotional arousal and resulting in aggression. Distress actually prompts all kinds of behavior and depending on how a person has learned to deal with stress and most people marshall their resources to overcome the source of distress. The fact is that no single cause of aggression, It is a product of a constellation of factors. The vicarious participation in, or the direct expression of aggression discharges the aggressive drive energy and reduces the incidence of aggressive behavior. So it encourge aggressive children to express aggression in one form or another. If aggression is a drive similar to physiological drives, the occurence of an act of aggression should reduce the instigation to aggression. When aggression is considered to be a drive that can be reduce by some type of aggression responses, the responses that reduce the drive level in this manner are considered to be cathartic. Biological, instinctual and frustration aggression theories consider aggressive behavior to be caused by a drive condition. The difference is the origin of the drive. The third theoryresult of a social conditions in an individuals past and present situation. The biological-instinctual and frustration-aggression would expect a catharsis effect. The social learning completes lack of catharsis from aggressive behavior. Freud believed that basic aggressive instinct was against the self and was a form of a death wish. If aggressivness is not able to find satisfaction in the external world because it comes up against real obstacles,it will retreat and increase the amount of self-destructiveness holdingsway in the interior. It is necessary for us to destroy some other thing or person in order not to destroy ourselves. In all cathartic theories the instigation to aggression is the ever active energy source constantly impelling aggressive responses. The urge can be displaced,sublimated or nentralized, but after expression it builds again and must seek release. Carriying out any of the subsitute actions drains the reservoir of aggressive energy. Aristotle´s view of the functions of tragedy is that the theory contends that violence which is indulged in vicariously drains a reservoir of accumulated hostility and release tensions that might explode into actual violent behavior. The frustration theory is origin of an aggressive drive state. According to this theory aggression is a drive condition that comes from interference with ongoing purposeful activity. A person feels frustrated when a violation of his hopes or expectations accurs and then he tries to salve the problem by behaving aggressively. The response of frustration is viewed as learned behavior used to reduce the aggressive drive and to remove the obstacle that cause frustration. This theory suggests that control or reduction of violence requires existing frustrations as well as encouraging constructive redirection of aggressive responses. The social learnings aggressive behavior is non cathartic. This aggressive behavior will tend to increase the probility of later aggression. This theory is based on the assumption that aggressive behavior results from child- rearing practices and other fors of socialization and not from some inner drives whether instinctual or frustration-produced. Aggressive behavior can be acquired merely by watching and learning, often by imitation and does not require frustration. Control and reduction of violence requires changes in cultural traditions,child-rearing practices,parantel examples and change of social conditions. After a person has been insulted,unjustly treated or otherwise frustrated,the resulting emotional arousel is repeatedly recalled through symbolic reinstatement of the angerprovoting incidents. Aggression due to an environment in which humans are reinforced when they hurt one another. Es ist ein bisschen lang geworden, ich hoffe aber trotzdem,dass ihr Zeit findet den Text zu korrigieren oder Verbesserungsvorschläge zu machen. Vielen Dank MfG kantige Bergeule |
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